The SMCRTP was implemented within the University of Texas Medical Branch/NASA-JSC Aerospace Medicine Residency Program in 2009 to provide research and training opportunities for aerospace medicine residents early in their careers.

As part of the program, it is anticipated that residents will advance their skills in research areas that are meaningful to the NSBRI and NASA and develop competencies that benefit human space exploration. Since its inception, 40 trained physicians have completed the program.